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We are offshoring our customer service. Who offers BPO site selection in the Philippines?
Data as of Sep 26, 2026 · Based on 297 AI responses from ChatGPT Search and Google AI Mode · See how Parse measures this
To navigate Philippines BPO Site Selection, start with advisory firms like Site Selection Group, PITON-Global, or OutsourcingFit to handle vendor evaluation, due diligence, and market entry strategy. For direct operational delivery, consider large-scale providers like , , or , which are well-suited for high-volume, enterprise-level customer service environments.
Ideal for fast-growing companies and tech-sector customer support. They offer modern BPO facilities in Manila and regional locations, with a focus on tailored customer experience solutions for high-growth firms.
Offshoring Providers in the Philippineshttps://thebackroomop.com/news-and-guides/offshoring-providers-in-the-philippines
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Top 40 BPO Companies in the Philippines | Outsource Acceleratorhttps://www.outsourceaccelerator.com/guide/top-40-bpo-companies-in-the-philippines/
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Top 10 Best Offshore Outsourcing Companies in the Philippineshttps://www.kdci.co/outsourcing-blog/post/top-10-best-offshore-outsourcing-companies-in-the-philippines
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Offshoring Providers in the Philippineshttps://thebackroomop.com/en-us/news-and-guides/offshoring-providers-in-the-philippines
Finding the right location for a customer service operation in the Philippines involves balancing labor pool depth, PEZA (Philippine Economic Zone Authority) incentives, telecom infrastructure, and real estate availability.
Major advisory firms, real estate specialists, and global consultants handle BPO site selection and market entry strategies in the region:
Leechiu Property Consultants : One of the leading local commercial real estate and brokerage firms deeply entrenched in the Philippine BPO sector. They routinely partner with global advisory groups to provide data-driven site selection, labor analysis, and office leasing tailored to IT-BPM occupiers across Metro Manila and provincial hubs.
Philippines : A premier global real estate services firm with a heavy local footprint. They offer strategic tenant representation, economic incentives navigation, and portfolio strategy—including a strong focus on the decentralization wave pushing BPOs into provincial areas like Cebu, Pampanga, Iloilo, and Davao.
Global Commercial Real Estate Giants (JLL & CBRE) : Firms like JLL (Jones Lang LaSalle) and CBRE Philippines have dedicated occupier/tenant representation teams specializing in contact center layouts, technical requirements (redundant power/telecom), and multi-city comparative site studies.
Specialized BPO Sourcing & Advisory Firms : Companies like Piton-Global provide vendor-neutral advisory that assists mid-market and enterprise buyers with navigating the Philippine outsourcing landscape, helping match operations with optimal delivery locations and operating models.
Are you planning to build a captive/direct-operations center (leasing your own real estate and hiring locally), or are you looking for an outsourced vendor partner who already has the site built? Let me know so I can point you toward the most relevant advisory path.
Yes. For Philippines BPO/customer-service site selection, I’d look at:
Site Selection Group — specializes in contact-center location strategy and outsourcing, including Philippines market analysis.
Cushman & Wakefield Philippines — provides BPO/GCC site selection, labor-market analysis, incentives, and tenant representation across Manila and regional hubs.
Colliers Philippines — particularly relevant for BPO location strategy, with current research on Manila versus provincial hubs such as Cavite and Bohol.
ABI Philippines — offers end-to-end BPO setup consulting covering location, talent, regulatory issues, and incentives.
For a customer-service operation, Site Selection Group and PITON-Global are the most directly specialized; Cushman/Colliers are stronger if the engagement also requires real-estate/site transaction work.
When looking for Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) site selection, real estate strategy, and market entry advisory in the Philippines, you typically work with top-tier global commercial real estate and specialized local advisory firms. They evaluate talent pools, labor costs, PEZA (Philippine Economic Zone Authority) incentives, telecom infrastructure, and available floor plates.
The major players offering BPO site selection and real estate advisory in the Philippines include:
Leechiu Property Consultants: A dominant local market leader partnered heavily with international site selection entities . They specialize directly in IT-BPM tenant representation, office leasing, and strategic footprint expansion across Metro Manila and provincial hubs. You can check their advisory scope via Leechiu Property Consultants.
CBRE Philippines: The local branch of the global commercial real estate giant provides robust occupier services, labor analytics, and site feasibility studies specifically tailored for tech and contact center operations. Explore their market insights on the CBRE Philippines portal.
Jones Lang LaSalle (JLL) Philippines: JLL offers comprehensive corporate solutions, helping multinational companies align their operational models with the right geographical locations, building specs, and labor demographics in the region.
Colliers Philippines: Another global commercial real estate services leader that frequently publishes definitive research on Philippine office markets, cost-of-living/labor indices, and specialized BPO site advisory.
BPO Consultants / Specialized Boutique Advisory Firms: Smaller, niche advisory groups (such as localized setup consultants) focus entirely on end-to-end operational setup, legal incorporation, and initial employee scaling alongside physical real estate selection.
To help narrow down which firm or approach fits best, tell me:
Are you planning to build a 独立 (captive/owned) center or looking to partner with an existing third-party BPO vendor?
Do you prefer a location in Metro Manila or a provincial "Next Wave" city (like Cebu, Davao, or Clark)?
If you are offshoring customer service to the Philippines, you typically want a BPO location advisory / site selection consultant rather than a real estate broker alone. These firms can help evaluate cities, labor pools, wage rates, attrition risk, incentives, office options, and whether to use a captive center, build-operate-transfer model, or third-party BPO.
Here are firms to consider:
Global BPO site selection and outsourcing advisors
Site Selection Group — Provides contact center and BPO location advisory, including labor analysis, cost analysis, BPO vendor assessment, vendor negotiations, and site strategy across offshore markets. Site Selection GroupSite Selection Group
Best fit: companies making a major offshore footprint decision and wanting an independent advisor.
Cushman & Wakefield — Their Philippines team provides location strategy, labor-market analysis, tenant representation, and support for BPO/shared-services operations, including Metro Manila and regional hubs. Cushman & Wakefield
Best fit: companies that need site selection plus office/lease execution.
Colliers International — Offers Philippines office advisory and location support, with experience in BPO/IT-BPM office requirements and markets such as Manila, Cebu, Clark, Iloilo, and Davao. Colliers Philippines
Best fit: companies prioritizing facility selection and real estate strategy.
ABI Expert Solutions PH — Provides Philippines expansion support covering BPO/shared service setup, office location, talent sourcing, compliance, and operational readiness. ABI Philippines
Best fit: companies entering the Philippines for the first time.
SpiceWorx Consultancy — Offers IT/BPO industry advisory, local research, partner screening, site visit coordination, and market-entry support. https://www.spiceworx.com/
Best fit: companies wanting local introductions and market intelligence.
StratAccess — Focuses on connecting companies with Philippine BPO providers and advising on outsourcing partnerships. OCC Partners & Consulting
Best fit: companies looking for outsourced customer service vendors rather than building their own facility.
Questions I would ask any advisor before hiring them
Do you provide independent vendor selection, or do you receive referral fees from BPO providers?
Can you compare Manila vs. Cebu vs. Clark vs. Iloilo vs. Davao based on our hiring profile?
Do you model attrition, wage inflation, and night-shift premiums?
Can you run an RFP across multiple BPO providers?
Do you support captive centers, BOT arrangements, and seat leasing—or only traditional outsourcing?
Can you validate talent availability through local recruiting data rather than just office availability?
For a customer service operation, the shortlist of Philippine locations often comes down to:
Metro Manila — deepest talent pool, highest competition and cost
Cebu — mature BPO ecosystem with strong English-speaking workforce
Clark/Pampanga — growing alternative hub with airport access
Iloilo, Bacolod, Davao — lower-cost regional hubs with BPO experience
If you share your expected seat count, customer language requirements (US English only vs multilingual), hours of operation, and whether you want a captive center or outsourced BPO, I can narrow the advisor shortlist and likely Philippine cities.
When setting up an offshore customer service operation in the Philippines, site selection and location strategy are typically handled by global commercial real estate firms with specialized tenant advisory/bpo practices, boutique local property consultants , or specialized cross-border BPO advisory firms.
The leading organizations offering site selection, labor market analytics, and real estate brokerage for BPO setups in the Philippines include:
1. Major Global Commercial Real Estate & Advisory Firms
These firms provide data-backed labor analytics, cost-of-living/wage comparisons across Metro Manila vs. provincial "Next Wave" cities (like Cebu, Clark, Davao, or Iloilo), and access to PEZA-accredited (Philippine Economic Zone Authority) buildings.
JLL (Jones Lang LaSalle) Philippines : Offers robust location strategy, labor pool mapping, and financial modeling for tenant leasing.
CBRE Philippines : Global powerhouse providing comprehensive portfolio strategy, labor analytics, and site selection tailored to tech and contact center operations.
Colliers Philippines : Frequently publishes definitive research on Philippine office markets and provides dedicated tenant representation and occupier services for BPO entrants.
2. Specialized Local Market Leaders
Leechiu Property Consultants : A premier Philippine real estate advisory firm that frequently partners with international site selection groups to land major multinational BPO and call center operations in the country. They possess deep, granular knowledge of contiguous building availabilities and local regulatory compliance.
3. International & Cross-Border BPO Consultants
Site Selection Group : A global location advisory firm that pairs international expansion strategy with on-the-ground local real estate partners (like Leechiu) to manage end-to-end setups.
Boutique Offshore Advisory Firms : Various localized advisory groups (such as specialized market-entry consultants found via networks like BPO Consultants PH ) assist with initial scoping, legal entity setup, and hybrid/seat-leasing vs. build-operate-transfer (BOT) decisions.
To help narrow down which partner fits best, tell me:
Are you planning to build your own captive brick-and-mortar site , or look into a Plug-and-Play / Seat-Leasing arrangement first?
Are you targeting Metro Manila or exploring provincial hubs?
Yes. If by “BPO site selection” you mean choosing the Philippine city/building for an in-house or captive customer-service operation—not merely selecting a BPO vendor—there are several credible routes:
siteselectiongroup.com — Probably the closest match to a dedicated site-selection adviser. They explicitly cover BPO/contact-center location strategy, including labor availability/cost, saturation, wage surveys, GIS mapping, vendor evaluation, site visits and financial analysis. They work across 71 countries, so they can benchmark the Philippines against alternative offshore locations.
cushmanwakefield.com — Strong option if you're setting up your own operation and need actual office/site selection, labor-market analysis, PEZA/incentive considerations, lease negotiation and potentially multi-site strategy across Manila, Cebu and other hubs.
colliers.com — Particularly relevant for the real-estate/site side. Its Philippine research specifically tracks BPO expansion and emerging locations such as provincial hubs, rather than treating Metro Manila as the only option.
piton-global.com — A Manila-based, vendor-neutral BPO advisory firm. This is more outsourcing/provider selection than pure real-estate site selection, but useful if you're deciding between building your own Philippine operation and outsourcing to a BPO.
strataccess.com — Philippine-focused outsourcing consultancy that helps companies identify and evaluate BPO centers. More relevant if you're outsourcing the customer service rather than establishing your own delivery center.
What I'd put in the RFP
For a customer-service operation, I'd ask the adviser to evaluate at least Manila, Cebu, Clark, Davao and one or two emerging provincial hubs, rather than simply comparing office rents. Current Philippine BPO activity is spreading beyond Metro Manila, with Cebu established as the second major IT-BPM hub.
The study should score/quantify:
Talent: available customer-service FTEs, English proficiency, hiring velocity and attrition
Real estate: suitable BPO buildings, rents, power redundancy and expansion capacity
Connectivity: airports, commuting patterns, telecom redundancy and employee transportation
Resilience: typhoon/flood/earthquake exposure, power reliability and business-continuity options
Incentives: PEZA and other applicable Philippine incentives
Operating model: captive center vs. third-party BPO
Ramp-up: realistic time to recruit and train, say, 100/250/500 agents
Total cost: not just rent and wages, but the 5-year fully loaded cost per productive FTE
If you're building a captive customer-service center, I'd start with Site Selection Group + Cushman & Wakefield/Colliers. The former gives you location strategy and labor economics; the latter can translate the preferred location into actual buildings, leases and incentives. If you're instead asking “which Philippine BPO should we outsource the work to?”, I'd approach PITON-Global/StratAccess instead.
If you tell me roughly how many agents (e.g. 100, 500, 1,000), UK/US customer hours, and whether you want captive or outsourced, I can narrow this to 3–5 firms and compare exactly what each would be able to do for you.
PITON-Global - 19/F Marco Polo Building, 605 Meralco Ave, Ortigas Center, Pasig, Metro Manila, Philippines
PWC Consulting Philippines - Philamlife Tower, 25/F, 1226 Paseo de Roxas, Makati City, Philippines
Kearney - 31-107 WeWork, RCBC Plaza, Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines
Bain & Company - PSE Tower, Level 25, 5th Avenue, Cor 28th St, Post Proper Northside, Makati City, 1634 Metro Manila, Philippines
McKinsey & Company Philippines - 7/F Zuellig Building, Makati Avenue, Corner Paseo de Roxas, Makati City, 1225 Metro Manila, Philippines
Acumen Strategic Consulting Inc. - 27th Floor Tower 2, The Enterprise Center, 6766 Ayala Avenue, corner Paseo de Roxas, Makati City, Philippines
Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Philippines - 31st Floor, Menarco Tower, 32nd St, Makati City, 1600 Metro Manila, Philippines
YCP GR Philippines Inc. - 28/F, Tower 2, The Enterprise Center, 6766 Ayala Avenue, corner Paseo de Roxas, Makati City, 1200 Metro Manila, Philippines
Renoir Group - 28th Floor, Tower 2, The Enterprise Center, 6766, Ayala Avenue, corner Paseo de Roxas Street, Makati City, 1229 Metro Manila, Philippines
Renoir Implementation Services Incorporated - 6766, 28th Floor, The Enterprise Center Tower II, Ayala Ave, Makati City, 1226 Metro Manila, Philippines
TDS Global Solutions - 35F, Robinsons Equitable Tower, ADB Ave, Ortigas Center, Pasig, 1605 Metro Manila, Philippines
Management Strategies - Unit 404, Jose Cojuangco & Sons Building 119 Dela Rosa, Corner Castro Streets, Legazpi Village, Makati City, 1223 Metro Manila, Philippines
One Outsource Direct Corporation (OODC) - Finman Center Building 131 Tordesillas St, cor Bautista, Salcedo Village, Makati City, 1227 Metro Manila, Philippines
Peak Outsourcing - 18F, 8741, 1226 Paseo de Roxas, Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines
Yes. If you’re offshoring customer service to the Philippines, I’d distinguish between firms that do true buyer-side site/location selection and firms that mainly help you choose a BPO vendor.
Manila-based and specifically focused on BPO/customer-experience outsourcing.
Particularly relevant if you want a vendor-neutral process to identify and evaluate Philippine BPO providers, rather than having a BPO sell you its own facility.
Their positioning is buyer-side: requirements definition, vendor identification, selection, contracting and launch governance.
This is probably the first firm I'd call if by "site selection" you mean deciding where in the Philippines to locate the operation.
They specifically provide labor availability/cost analysis, saturation analysis, wage surveys, business-climate and geopolitical analysis, GIS mapping, site visits, RFPs, financial analysis and BPO vendor evaluation/negotiation.
They report 1,000+ call-center projects, 200+ BPO vendors and experience in 71 countries, including the Philippines.
Their 2026 research explicitly covers Philippine contact-center location trends.
They have conducted 100+ call-center site-selection studies across five continents and 23 countries, using labor-market and predictive location models.
This is more real-estate/location strategy than Philippine BPO vendor sourcing.
TDS Global Solutions — BPO/contact-center advisory
Philippines-based and focused specifically on the contact-center/BPO ecosystem.
Its services include outsourcing/provider selection, vendor management, executive search and contact-center advisory.
I would consider them if you want local Philippine operating expertise alongside vendor selection.
Big-4/strategy firms — broader transformation rather than BPO-specific site selection
PWC Consulting Philippines, Kearney, Bain & Company, etc. can help with broader operating-model, sourcing and market-entry work, but I'd favor the specialists above if the immediate decision is Manila vs. Cebu vs. Clark vs. Davao vs. Iloilo/Bacolod.
What I'd recommend for your situation
If you're moving customer service offshore, I'd run the project in two layers:
1. Location strategy:
Determine the optimal Philippine labor markets — probably comparing Metro Manila, Cebu, Clark, Davao, Iloilo and Bacolod. The answer shouldn't simply be "Manila is cheapest"; labor availability, attrition, wage pressure, commute patterns, infrastructure, disaster/business-continuity risk and incentives matter. Current Philippine BPO analysis identifies Manila, Cebu, Clark, Iloilo, Bacolod and Davao as significant BPO/shared-services markets.
2. BPO/vendor selection:
Once you've established the preferred markets, run a competitive RFI/RFP among providers capable of serving your volume, languages, hours and security requirements.
That makes Site Selection Group + a Philippine BPO sourcing specialist such as PITON-Global an interesting combination: the former gives you independent location economics, while the latter can give you local vendor/operational intelligence.
If you tell me roughly (a) number of agents, (b) customer-service vs. technical support, (c) U.S./European hours, and (d) whether you want the BPO to provide the facility or you're establishing your own captive center, I can narrow this to 3–5 firms and compare their likely scope, strengths, and fees.
When you are looking to build or lease your own captive center—or establish a physical footprint—via BPO site selection in the Philippines, you generally turn to major commercial real estate (CRE) advisory firms and specialized market-entry consultants. They analyze talent availability, labor costs, telecommunications redundancy, and PEZA (Philippine Economic Zone Authority) tax incentives.
The leading providers handling BPO site selection and market entry advisory in the Philippines include:
Major Commercial Real Estate (CRE) Advisory Firms
Colliers Philippines : Offers dedicated occupier services and tenant representation, frequently publishing deep dives on provincial vs. Metro Manila expansions (such as moves into Cebu, Clark, Iloilo, Davao, Cavite, and Bohol).
CBRE Philippines : Provides data-driven portfolio strategies, labor analytics, and comprehensive site selection services tailored to occupiers mapping out offshore tech and operations hubs.
JLL (Jones Lang LaSalle) Philippines : A global leader in corporate real estate that assists multinational occupiers with labor market mapping, risk assessment, and lease negotiations for contact centers.
Cushman & Wakefield Philippines : Delivers location strategy, labor cost modeling, and site evaluation specifically built for shared services and BPO operations.
Boutique & Advisory Specialists
Outsource Accelerator : A prominent sourcing advisory and marketplace that helps western businesses navigate the landscape, compare operational models, and find matching build-out or outsourcing partners.
TDS Global Solutions : Specializes in matching global enterprises with the right operational footprint or outsourcing structure in the region.
To help narrow down the best path, could you share:
Are you planning to build your own brick-and-mortar/captive site , or are you looking for an outsourced partner/provider to run it for you?
When looking to set up an offshore customer service operation in the Philippines, several global commercial real estate, advisory, and specialized outsourcing consulting firms offer comprehensive BPO site selection and market entry services.
Major organizations that guide companies through location analysis, PEZA/tax incentive navigation, labor market assessment, and real estate acquisition include:
1. Global Commercial Real Estate & Advisory Firms (The "Big Four" & Affiliates)
These firms have dedicated occupier services and tenant representation teams specializing in the IT-BPM (Information Technology-Business Process Management) sector across Metro Manila and provincial hubs (like Cebu, Davao, Pampanga, and Iloilo):
Colliers Philippines: Provides extensive research-backed site selection, labor pool analysis, footprint strategies, and portfolio management.
CBRE Philippines: Offers strategic consulting, labor analytics, and transaction services tailored for occupiers establishing shared services and contact centers.
JLL (Jones Lang LaSalle) Philippines: Delivers integrated location advisory, market intelligence, and lease negotiations for technology and customer operations.
Cushman & Wakefield Philippines: Specializes in tenant representation, government incentive zone mapping, and specialized BPO/GCC facility acquisition.
Santos Knight Frank: A prominent local affiliate of a global network providing occupier strategy and economic analysis for offshore entrants.
Leechiu Property Consultants (LPC): A leading homegrown commercial real estate consultancy in the Philippines with deep market dominance in securing large-scale BPO footprints.
If you need a hybrid approach—combining operational setup advisory with vendor matching or build-operate-transfer (BOT) advisement rather than just pure real estate brokerage:
Outsource Accelerator: Connects businesses with advisory insights, outsourcing options, and marketplace comparisons across the Philippine landscape.
Niche Advisory Firms: Boutique cross-border advisory groups (such as Everest Group or local legal/accounting giants like SGV & Co. / EY Philippines) frequently consult on macro-level feasibility, legal structuring, and location risk assessment before the real estate phase begins.
If you'd like, I can:
Compare Metro Manila vs. Provincial hubs (like Cebu or Clark) for customer service costs and talent
Outline the PEZA registration and tax incentive requirements for new BPO operations
PITON-Global - 19/F Marco Polo Building, 605 Meralco Ave, Ortigas Center, Pasig, Metro Manila, Philippines
TDS Global Solutions - 35F, Robinsons Equitable Tower, ADB Ave, Ortigas Center, Pasig, 1605 Metro Manila, Philippines
One Outsource Direct Corporation (OODC) - Finman Center Building 131 Tordesillas St, cor Bautista, Salcedo Village, Makati City, 1227 Metro Manila, Philippines
Peak Outsourcing - 18F, 8741, 1226 Paseo de Roxas, Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines
MCVO Talent Outsourcing Services - Unit 411, Melbourne Residences, 11 Sen. Gil J. Puyat Ave, Makati City, 1235 Metro Manila, Philippines
Boutique Outsource Solutions - Level 11 South Wing, Wynsum Corporate Plaza, 1605 F. Ortigas Jr. Rd, Ortigas Center, Pasig, 1605 Metro Manila, Philippines
Atticus Advisory Solutions - Unit 1402 Centerpoint Building Garnet Road, Ortigas Center, Pasig, Metro Manila, Philippines
KDCI Outsourcing - One Corporate Centre, Doña Julia Vargas Ave, Ortigas Center, Pasig, 1605 Metro Manila, Philippines
CPS APAC - Brgy, One Corporate Centre, J. Vargas Ave. Ortigas Center, San Antonio, Pasig, Philippines
iNEED Outsourcing - 7th Floor, One Park Drive, 11th Drive, Corner 9th Ave, Makati City, Philippines
Yes. If by BPO site selection you mean help deciding where in the Philippines to locate the operation—then evaluating labor pools, attrition, wages, real estate, incentives, connectivity, disaster/BCP risk, and then helping with the actual facility/provider selection—there are several credible options.
My shortlist
PITON-Global — Probably the best fit if you're outsourcing customer service to a third-party BPO rather than building your own captive center. They are explicitly buyer-side and vendor-neutral, and specialize in Philippine BPO sourcing, vendor evaluation and selection. They cover Metro Manila, Cebu and provincial hubs.
Site Selection Group (SSG) — A strong choice if you want a formal, independent location strategy/site-selection exercise, particularly if you're comparing the Philippines against other countries or considering multiple Philippine cities. Their work specifically covers contact-center location strategy and the Philippines. Their 2026 research emphasizes labor availability, attrition, regulatory considerations and operational resilience—not simply lowest wages.
The important distinction
I'd divide your options into two paths:
Your model
I'd start with
Outsource customer service to an existing BPO
PITON-Global or SSG
Build your own captive center
SSG + Colliers/Savills
Build a Philippine operation but want someone to handle setup
PITON-Global / TDS / ABI
Need both location + BPO provider selection
For customer service specifically, I wouldn't select a location based on rent alone. Talent availability, English/customer-service labor pool, attrition, wage inflation, commute/accessibility, power/connectivity, disaster exposure and BCP options can easily overwhelm a modest real-estate saving. Current Philippine BPO analysis is increasingly pointing toward Cebu, Clark, Iloilo, Bacolod and other secondary hubs alongside Manila.
If you tell me roughly how many customer-service FTEs you're planning (e.g. 50, 200, 1,000+) and whether you want to outsource to a BPO or establish your own center, I can narrow this to 3–5 firms and compare their actual site-selection scope, likely fees, conflicts of interest, and Philippine coverage.
TDS Global Solutions — More of a BPO/contact-center advisory ecosystem, including provider selection, outsourcing consulting, workforce and executive search. Worth considering if you want site selection + operating-model/vendor work together.
PITON-Global — Strong option when the project involves actually establishing your own Philippine facility. Their occupier services include site selection, market analysis and transaction advisory, and they have specific BPO market expertise. Their recent research highlights Cebu, Cavite, Bohol and other provincial locations as alternatives to Metro Manila.
Savills Philippines — Another good real-estate/site-selection advisor if you're establishing a captive/shared-service center. They describe end-to-end location strategy, zone comparison, site search, negotiations and coordination with legal/project partners.